The lesions of the cervix can be of various types, the first is related to an inflammatory process of long duration (chronic), which is usually produced by a vaginal infection that has not received adequate treatment and thus persists for a long time. This inflammation then causes the cervical tissue integrity is lost and training occur from an ulcer. Over time, if the vaginal infection is not cured, form new ulcers, while some already formed can heal, so as to form a new injury by scar tissue formed over ulcers in various stages of evolution. This injury is known by the name of ectropion.
The second type of neck injury in the matrix, are those related to infection with human papilloma virus (HPV). In this case, the changes that occur in cells of the cervix are associated with alterations in its form, known as dysplasia. According to the severity of the change in the way of these cells is the degree of dysplasia has occurred.
The importance of changes in cell shape, is that sometimes change is so important that the affected woman’s body can no longer control the reproduction of these cells, which ultimately result in the progression to cancer the cervix (cervical cancer). To identify the possibility of a change in the shape of the cells of the cervix is doing a Pap test.
Currently there are more sophisticated studies, but useful, to identify lesions of the cervix, the most important of them is a colposcopy, which is to study the observation of the cervix with an instrument called a colposcope, which allows cells to observe an increase up to about 20 times, making it much easier to identify diseased areas of the cervix.